Status of Sustainable Development in India ppt
Status of Sustainable Development in India
- In today’s world, sustainable development is a critical concern. Its significance has grown dramatically as a result of the anticipated hazards of climate change.
- The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) seek to ensure that no one is left behind and that everyone benefits from development efforts. They were adopted by world governments as an ambitious goal to improve our planet by 2030. The breadth and impact of Agenda 2030 are unparalleled.
- The SDGs are multi-dimensional and interdependent, and the task is enormous. Deep commitment, billions of dollars in investment, and novel ideas and techniques will be required to achieve these 17 goals. It will also necessitate organizations and individuals pooling their best resources in order to realize this common goal of universal prosperity.
Sustainable Development Goals in India
Sustainable Development Goals, in India’s opinion, should combine development and environmental goals into an unified set of goals. The fault line, like with other global summits, is an unbalanced relationship between environment and development. We might also see the SDGs and the post-2015 agenda as a chance to reassess and fine-tune the MDG framework and refocus on development concerns in a sustainable way.
Need of Sustainable Development in India
- Of course, this acknowledgment is a lie. All available signs lead to a dire ecological condition. Natural ecosystems are stressed and declining across most of the country; 10% of the country’s wildlife is endangered; agricultural biodiversity has declined by over 90% in many regions; well over half of the available water bodies are polluted beyond drinking and often beyond agricultural use; two-thirds of the land is degraded to various levels of sub-optimal productivity; and air pollution in several cities is among the world’s worst.
- According to a 2008 assessment by the Global Footprint Network and the Confederation of Indian Industries, India has the world’s third largest ecological footprint, that its resource usage is already twice that of its bio-capacity, and that this bio-capacity has decreased by half in recent decades.
Step Taken by Indian Government
Signing the Paris Agreement :- The 21st Conference of Parties (COP 21) under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) successfully concluded in Paris after intense negotiations by the Parties followed by the adoption of the Paris Agreement on post-2020 actions on climate change. This universal agreement will succeed the Kyoto Protocol. Unlike the Kyoto Protocol, it provides a framework for all countries to take action against climate change. Placing emphasis on concepts like climate justice and sustainable lifestyles, the Paris Agreement for the first time brings together all nations for a common cause under the UNFCCC. One of the main focus of the agreement is to hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre- industrial level.
India’s Clean Development Mechanism initiatives:- As of 4 January 2016, India accounted for 1593 of the total 7685 projects registered by the CDM executive board, putting it in second place after China with 3764 projects. 191 million CERs were distributed to Indian projects, accounting for 13.27 percent of all CERs distributed. These projects are located around the nation and focus on energy efficiency, fuel switching, industrial processes, municipal solid waste, renewable energy, and forestry. Around 90-95 percent of CDM projects are produced by the private sector, permitting (US$ 87.77 billion) in investments in the nation, which is more than the entire amount of multilateral funding available for climate change-related projects.
Climate Change State Action Plans:- State Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCC) are designed to build institutional capacity and implement climate-related sectoral initiatives. In areas including water, agriculture, tourism, forestry, transportation, habitat, and energy, these strategies focus on adaptation with mitigation as a co-benefit. The SAPCCs have been submitted to the MoEF& CC by 28 states and five union territories (UTs). The National Steering Committee on Climate Change (NSCCC) of the MoEF& CC has supported the SAPCCs of 32 states and UTs.
The National Clean Energy Fund and the Coal Cess:- India is one of the few countries with a carbon tax in the form of a coal cess. India has not only imposed a cess, but has been gradually raising it. The coal cess, which had been set at R50.00 per tonne of coal since 22 June 2010 and raised to R100.00 in Budget 2014-15, was doubled to R 200.00 in the 2015-16 Budget. The National Clean Energy Fund (NCEF), which is funded by the coal levy, was established to finance and promote clean energy programmes, as well as fund clean energy research and other related activities.
National Climate Change Adaptation Fund :- For the years 2015-2016 and 2016- 2017, a National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC) has been formed with a budget allocation of I350 crore. Its purpose is to help pay for national and state-level adaption measures in areas that are most vulnerable to climate change’s negative consequences. The fund’s overarching goal is to assist specific adaptation actions that mitigate the negative consequences of climate change on communities, sectors, and states that aren’t covered by existing state and federal government schemes. At the community and sector level, the adaptation programmes help to reduce the risk of vulnerability. The NSCCC has accepted six detailed project reports (DPRs) totaling I117.98 crore that have been submitted so far by different states .